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| | | | World History timeline |
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| 1216 |
| | | On the death of his father, King John, Henry III becomes king of England | |
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| 1219 |
| | | St Francis of Assisi joins a crusading army in Egypt and attempts to convert the sultan Melek-el-Kamel and his followers to Christianity | |
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| c. 1220 |
| | | Within a span of less than ten years, from 1215, Genghis Khan and the Mongols plunder from China to eastern Europe | |
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| c. 1220 |
| | | Nearly 200 windows make Chartres cathedral the most magnificent display of early stained glass | |
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| 1220 |
| | | Frederick II is crowned Holy Roman emperor by a somewhat reluctant pope, Honorius III | |
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| c. 1220 |
| | | Llewellyn ap Iorwerth acquires such authority over other Welsh chieftains that he is informally referred to as the prince of Wales | |
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| 1222 |
| | | Andrew II accepts the Golden Bull, a charter of liberties demanded by the nobles of Hungary | |
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| 1223 |
| | | The Franciscans are formally established by Honorius III as Ordo Fratrum Minorum, the Order of the Friars Minor | |
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| c. 1225 |
| | | The Teutonic knights undertake a new form of crusade, attempting to subdue the pagan Prussians who occupy part of the Baltic coast | |
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| 1225 |
| | | Magna Carta is reissued slightly modified when Henry III comes of age; in the version which becomes enshrined in English law | |
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| 1228 |
| | | Frederick II, leader of the sixth crusade, briefly recovers Jerusalem for the Christians by negotiating with the Muslims | |
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| c. 1230 |
| | | Ogadai, son of Genghis Khan, turns his father's headquarters at Karakorum into a capital city | |
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| 1231 |
| | | The Mongols conquer the Korean peninsula, subsequently using it as a base for two expeditions against Japan | |
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| 1232 |
| | | The kingdom of Granada is established with a Berber noble, Muhammad I, as the first king | |
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| 1233 |
| | | Gregory IX sends Dominican friars to root out the remains of the Catharist heresy in France, thus launching the Inquisition | |
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| 1237 |
| | | Batu Khan and his Mongols sweep into Russia, where they and their descendants become known as the Golden Horde | |
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| c. 1240 |
| | | A warlord, Sundiata, conquers Ghana and establishes the kingdom of Mali | |
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| c. 1240 |
| | | Haakon IV is the first ruler to build up a strong Norway, some two centuries after the region becomes a single kingdom | |
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| 1240 |
| | | Alexander, a Russian prince, defeats a Swedish army on the frozen river Neva, thus winning his name Alexander Nevksy | |
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| 1241 |
| | | Mongols of the Golden Horde defeat the Poles at Legnica and ravage the city of Cracow | |
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| 1241 |
| | | Mongols of the Golden Horde reach Hungary, where they graze their horses for the summer before withdrawing to the Volga | |
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| 1243 |
| | | Construction begins in Paris on the Sainte Chapelle, designed to house relics acquired by Louis IX, the king of France | |
|  | Sainte Chapelle
Fotofile CG
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| 1244 |
| | | The siege of the Catharist stronghold of Montségur ends when 200 heretics are herded into a wooden stockade and are burnt | |
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| 1248 |
| | | Birger Jarl establishes a dynasty which brings all Sweden under a single rule | |
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| c. 1250 |
| | | Tannhäuser is one of the Minnesinger, the German equivalents of the French troubadours | |
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| c. 1250 |
| | | Europe grows in prosperity during the thirteenth century, with a widespread increase in trade and production | |
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| c. 1250 |
| | | The Palio, in which horses race round the Campo in Siena, is held from this time | |
|  | The Palio in Siena
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| c. 1250 |
| | | The kingdom of Great Zimbabwe displaces Mapungubwe as the dominant Shona power in this region of southern Africa | |
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| c. 1250 |
| | | A Japanese potter, returning from China, makes Seto the centre of ceramic production in Japan | |
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| c. 1250 |
| | | The Yoruba people of Ife create extraordinary sculptures in brass | |
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| c. 1250 |
| | | A school of translation is set up in Toledo, to translate classical Greek texts from the Arabic versions into Latin | |
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| c. 1250 |
| | | France becomes the first kingdom to establish a permanent parliament when Louis IX reserves a chamber in his palace for quarterly sessions | |
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| 1250 |
| | | The last sultan of Saladin's dynasty is murdered by slaves in the palace guard, and Mameluke rule is reintroduced in Egypt | |
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| 1252 |
| | | Alexander Nevsky, appointed grand prince of Vladimir in 1252, thrives by collaborating with the Mongols of the Golden Horde | |
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| 1252 |
| | | A huge bronze sculpture, known as Daibutsu and cast in Kamakura, depicts Amida, the Amitabha Buddha of Pure Land Buddhism | |
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